1
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2023
  
 
( )
 :    : 100
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.         
2.   -        
-
3.       -    
4.             
   
-
5.           
2
Easy2Siksha
6.          
-
7.            
8.   ,      
3
Easy2Siksha
GNDU  -2023
  
 
( )
 :    : 100
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.         
:            
    
       , - 
      ,  26 , 1950   
   
  
     
     ,      
          :
1.   1773:          
             
   -          

2.    1784:        ,   
      ,      
     ,       
 
4
Easy2Siksha
3.   (1813-1853):        
  1813           
,       ,   1833  
    -         
     1853      
      
     , 1858
1857             1858   
               
             
   (1861-1909)
19
    20
   ,          
  :
1861              
,      
1892   
   -        
  '    ,        
  
1909  -  (  )        
      ,         
      
-     , 1919
1919     ,  -     ,   
       "" (  )  ""
(     )       
          
  , 1935
1935               
  -    ,        
        ,     
  '      ,      
  ()      ',      
         

5
Easy2Siksha
    
            
        -     - 
  1942   ,   ,        
    ,         
     (1947-1950)
  1947           ,   
        
      
     
    1946     ,   . ..  
     -  ,    26 , 1949
 ,   26 , 1950  
.               
     ,     , - 
  
    
                 
  :
     :       ,    
'        
    :    -   , 
            
    
    :      

         ,   '   
      
     
    '     :
  :            
 
, 
        

 
,       
    :        
 ,           
6
Easy2Siksha

            - 
   ,         ,    
  ,             
   ,             
 '  ,  ,        
 
2.   -        
:            
    
       , - 
      ,  26 , 1950   
   
  
     
     ,      
          :
1.   1773:          
             
   -          

2.    1784:        ,   
      ,      
     ,       
 
3.   (1813-1853):         
  1813           
,       ,   1833  
    -         
     1853      
      
7
Easy2Siksha
     , 1858
1857             1858   
               
             
   (1861-1909)
19
    20
   ,          
  :
1861              
,      
1892   
   -        
  '    ,        
  
1909  -  (  )        
      ,         
      
-     , 1919
1919     ,  -     ,   
       "" (  )  ""
(     )       
          
  , 1935
1935               
  -    ,        
        ,     
  '      ,      
  ()      ',      
         

    
            
        -     - 
  1942   ,   ,        
    ,         
8
Easy2Siksha
     (1947-1950)
  1947           ,   
        
      
     
    1946     ,   . ..  
     -  ,    26 , 1949
 ,   26 , 1950  
.               
     ,     , - 
  
    
                 
  :
     :     ,     '
        
    :    -   , 
            
    
    :       

         ,   '   
      
     
    '     :
  :            
 
, 
        

 
,       
    :        
 ,           

            - 
   ,         ,    
  ,             
9
Easy2Siksha
   ,             
 '  ,  ,        
 
-
3.       -    
:        (DPSP) -     
               
 
 ,             
  

 ,       ,         
  ,  ,          

 
     IV ( 36-51)        
              

   
       :
1.           
2.      ,       

3.      
4.       
5.            
 
   
    '       :
1.    
2.  
3. - 
10
Easy2Siksha
       :
1.    
             
        ,      , 
 ,       '    
1.  38 (  ):
o            -
,    -     
   
o         ,   
        ,    ,
 -      -       

2.  39 (   ):
o ,   ',       :
   -   
        
            
.
         
,         , 
        
   
       
3.  41 (   ,    ):
o  , , ,         
,           
4.  42 (         ):
o            
      
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5.  43 (   , ):
o         '    
-  ,        
      
6.  43A (    ):
o            
          
    
7.  45 (       ):
o  14             
,   21        
8.  46 (SC, ST,  OBCs       ):
o     ,     (SCs), 
 (STs),     (OBCs)     
   
9.  47 (           ):
o              
           
         
2.  
      
 , -,  ,   
   '       
1.  40 (   ):
o            
-          
 
     
2.  43 (   ):
o             ' 
            
      
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3.  46 (        ):
o   ,   '  ,  , 
...            
       
4.  47 (   ):
o             
 
5.  48 (   ):
o          '  
              
    ,         
'    
3. - 
  ,       '    
        
1.  44 (  ):
o            ,   
  ,     (UCC)      
UCC                

2.  48A (    ):
o              
        
3.  49 (    ):
o               
     , , , , ,    
4.  50 (    ):
o        
      ,      
          
5.  51 (     ):
o     :
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     
       
       
      
1.  :DPSPs   '  
,       
             
2.  :          ,  
     ,        
  
3.  : DPSP - ,  ,   ',
            ,
       ,       
          ,    
   
4.    :-       
  
     ,       
()  41      ,      
   39()   
 
5.     : DPSPs      
            
     ' 

 

               

    ,  ,        
           
,    
       
     ,    -
      ,       , 
    ,         
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4.             
   
:           ()
                 
             
 
,      ,         
    ,           ,
          
 
      III ( 12  35)       
               
,         ,        
  '          :
1.    ( 14-18):      , 
, , , ,      '   
  
2.    ( 19-22):       ,
, ,      
3.     ( 23-24):   ,  ,  
   
4.      ( 25-28):    
,       
5.     ( 29-30):     
           
 
6.     ( 32):     
         
     (DPSP)
     IV ( 36  51)       
     -   - ,     
 '      
 ,        
            :
1.     ( 38): ,   
           
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Easy2Siksha
2. ,       ( 41): ,
,      ,       
  
3.      ( 39(d)):    
      
4.      ( 45  47):    
           
5.     ( 51):     
    
       
 :       ,   

             
  ,   DPSPs   
  
:     '  ,     
 ,   DPSPs     '    , 
          
:          ,  
DPSPs    ,    '    ,
      
   DPSPs  

 DPSP -   ,         
  , DPSPs           
                
,   '  ,          ( 44

     )
     :
1.    (1951):   DPSPs    
               
DPSPs      , DPSPs   '    
        
    
( 14)         ...  
 
 
2.    (1967):        DPSPs   
         
 
16
Easy2Siksha
,    ,         DPSPs 
     ,   ' 24
 25
 
3.    (1973):          
         ,       
     ,     
   
   DPSPs         
       ,        
   DPSP   
4.    (1980):     '      
DPSPs             
     
  
   DPSPs  
     ,    DPSPs    
; 
               
 
 ,   DPSPs         
     
 :
 21-      2002  86
   
 ,    45 (         ) 
DPSP    
 21   -        
      ,        
   
 ,             DPSPs  
  ,              
   
       DPSPs     :
44
 (1978):         , 
 300            
            
42
 (1976):    DPSPs     
 
DPSPs      ,       
        
17
Easy2Siksha
            ,  
 (1985) ,      -         ,
  DPSPs        
 
   DPSPs         
     ,       , 
    
-     ,     
    '    
:
o    DPSPs        
           

o           
        ,   DPSPs  
  
:
o 
 DPSP - ,        , 
            '
  
o   , DPSPs      ' 
 ,          

 ,    DPSPs          
              , DPSPs
         , ,    
             
   ,           '  
 
18
Easy2Siksha
-
5.           
:            ,  
    ,           
 352  360    ,   ,     
   ,   
        

     
          :
1.   ( 352):     
             ,   
            ,  
       "  "  

          : 1962 (- ),
1971 (- ),  1975-1977 (    )  
)
   ,  19 (    )    
    ,        '     
           42
 (1976)    
,               
 
2.    ( 356):      ,  
         ,   '    
 ',          
     
'             ,  ,
         
 ,     
     
  ,       ,     
               
-                 
     ,         
            
3.   ( 360):        
                
19
Easy2Siksha

 ,         ,  
   '    ,       
            
    
      
               
,  ,         ,   ,
          '     
42
 44
   ,        
    
  ,       ,  
   ,        ,    
  ,   ' 1975-77        
               1978 
44
 ,       '    ,    
      352     
   ( )        
             
               
  
     ,      
  ,  
        ,       
   
     
      ,   '     
      ,        
           ,  
 ' 
        
      '
1975-77      ,         
,       ,        
44
                ,
       '         
             ,      
 
20
Easy2Siksha

              
  ,      
 , 
    
            
             '   ,
           ,
               
  ,   
          
  
6.          
:   , 1950    ,      
   ,            
         ,  
,      '        
          :
1.   
   "  "      
    
              
                
  ,   '   ,      

2.  
                
              
            ,    
              
  
3.   
          ,  -    
                  '
  '     32         
21
Easy2Siksha
   ,              
         
4.   
              
      ,        
            
 
,           
5.   
   143  ,          '
              
       
,       
    '      
6.   
                
        ,    
              
,              
 
7.      
      ,       , 
            
             
        ,     
  
8.   (PIL)
        (PILs)      
         
,       
  '  
 ,            ,
          '       
              
9.   
        ,      
 -  ,     ,     ,
     ' ,    
  
22
Easy2Siksha
             , 
       
10.  
             
,          ,     '    
 ,       ,       
   
11.    
            
           ,   
     (  )      ,  32  
           :
 :        
:        
  :   -    
Quo Warranto:            
12.   
    (CJI)           
  ,   CJI             
 
        ,   
      
13.    
       ,      
       
          
                

 

           
   
          ,     
   ,     
      
       ,    ,   
            
 
23
Easy2Siksha
      ,     , 
              
    
-
7.            
:                 
        ,  
     (CM)
       ,       '     
        ,        
-- 
   
1.    :
       
    ,         
 
      ,         ,  
  '       ,    
    
2.    :
   ,          ( )
 
 
           
    '          '  
    
                 

,          
3.   :
     '            

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Easy2Siksha
       ,       , 
     
4.  :
     :
1.    :          
      
2.    :          
   
              
:
1.  :
       ,         
   :
1.    :
         ,  
  '   
             
(  , , )
            
     
2.     :
         
 
 -       
            
    
3.   :
        ,   
  
             
       
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2.  :
         
     
     
1.   :
          ,
            

            
   
2.   :
 ,    ,       
  
         ,   
         
3.    :
   , -    
 
 
             '
           
            
4.   :
            
           
            
   
3.  :
       '   
1.   :
           
     
 
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2.     :
            ,  
   -    
3.  :
      ,  , 
           
  
4.      :
           
 
1.    :
             

 
    ,     
        
2.  :
  ,       ,  
    ,      
       
3.    :
        
    
     ,     
       
5.  :
         
,   
    '   
1.   :
           
   
2.   :
           
        
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6.    :
              ' - 
 :
1. - :
        -   
  
   '       
            
2.  :
, ,          ,  
        
 
    ' 
      ,     
  
       :
1.   :
o      '       
,              '  
    ,     ,   
 ( )          

2.    :
o               
              
 
o             , 
    
3.  :
o             
           - 
       
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4.  :
o           -   
     ,       

,       

                  
     ,              
               
       ,         
 
 
,      
  , , 
       '    '     ,   
    ,          
  
8.   ,      
:              

     '   ,     
      ,       
  
   155            
  '      ,         '
       
   ,       ,
     
   :
 
:        
  
         
:  157  ,         -
35         ,      

 
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  :     '         
               
       
  
       
 : , ,  
         ,   
    '      
1.  
    ,      :
   :        '    
              
 
   :         

            
 :         -  
,             

2.  
          :
      :       
  ()           '   
  
 :           ,   
          ,    ,
               
  
 
   :       
,  
    ,        ,  
                
3.  
     ,        
      :
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    :         
 
   ' :      
         
    :           

  
4.  
      :
   :            
     ,       
  -   
   

  :         -
           
 
       :
1.  :      '    ,  :
o            '    
o      '    
o          
2.   :     ,    
         
  
                
        '   ,     
     
 :
    :      
 , 
 '     ,       
  :           

           
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Easy2Siksha
  :    ,      
     ,    356     
   
  
                
        ,   '     
              
         (1988)    (2007)  
   ,         '    
  

,     ,          

    '     ,    
 ,             
 ,    
          
    
:      Ai      ( )      
         , 
  '        
